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  1. Cell | Definition, Types, Functions, Diagram, Division, Theory,

    Dec 1, 2025 · What is a cell? A cell is a mass of cytoplasm that is bound externally by a cell membrane. Usually microscopic in size, cells are the smallest structural units of living matter …

  2. Stem cell | Definition, Types, Uses, Research, & Facts | Britannica

    Nov 21, 2025 · Bone marrow is a source for mesenchymal stem cells (sometimes called marrow stromal cells, or MSCs), which are precursors to non-hematopoietic stem cells that have the …

  3. Cell biology | Definition, Aims, Techniques, Tools, History, & Facts ...

    Oct 31, 2025 · Cell biology is a branch of science that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells, which are the fundamental units of living organisms.

  4. Structure and types of cells | Britannica

    A single cell can be a complete organism in itself, as in bacteria and protozoans. Groups of specialized cells are organized into tissues and organs in multicellular organisms such as …

  5. Cell theory | Definition, History, Importance, Scientists, First ...

    Nov 25, 2025 · First proposed by German scientists Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden in 1838, the theory that all plants and animals are made up of cells marked a great …

  6. Cellular respiration | Definition, Equation, Cycle, Process, Reactants ...

    Nov 28, 2025 · In eukaryotic cells (that is, any cells or organisms that possess a clearly defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles) the enzymes that catalyze the individual steps …

  7. Biology | Definition, History, Concepts, Branches, & Facts | Britannica

    6 days ago · Cell biology is the study of cells—the fundamental units of structure and function in living organisms. Cells were first observed in the 17th century, when the compound …

  8. Mitosis | Definition, Stages, Diagram, & Facts | Britannica

    Nov 23, 2025 · Mitosis is the division of a cell into two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. Meiosis is the division of a germ cell into four sex cells (e.g. egg or sperm), …

  9. Cell - Structure, Organelles, Metabolism | Britannica

    Dec 1, 2025 · Cell - Structure, Organelles, Metabolism: Like the cell membrane, membranes of some organelles contain transport proteins, or permeases, that allow chemical communication …

  10. Plant cell | Definition, Diagram, Model, Labeled, Characteristics ...

    Oct 27, 2025 · A plant cell is the basic unit of all plants. Plant cells, like animal cells, are eukaryotic, meaning they have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Their …