To the casual observer on a photo safari, the giraffe is an iconic, gentle giant browsing the acacia tops. But to a cardiovascular physiologist, a giraffe is a walking, breathing hydraulic paradox.

Human kidneys are an intricate network of tubes that process roughly 190 quarts of blood every day. Lining these tubes are epithelial cells that transport blood through the kidneys and circulate it ...

Severe pediatric cardiac decompensation has a mortality risk of 50-65% and is the leading cause of death in children. Heart transplantation is the current standard of care for end-stage pediatric ...